1, Izizathu zenkqubo yokuvelisa: Esi sesinye sezizathu ze-oxidation yeemveliso zentsimbi.Ngokumalunga nenkqubo yokuvelisa kunye neempawu zemveliso, ukwenza ifilimu ye-oxide encinci kumphezulu wemveliso yinkqubo esisiseko yokuphepha i-oxidation, kwaye ikwangumahluko phakathi kweemveliso zetsimbi.Enye yeempawu eziphambili zezinye iimveliso zetsimbi, kodwa xa ifilimu ye-oxide ingagqibekanga okanye iphelile ngenxa yokungonelanga okanye ukungakhathali kweteknoloji yokuvelisa, i-oksijini emoyeni iya kusabela ngokuthe ngqo kunye nezinye izinto kwimveliso, okubangelwa ukubonakala kwemveliso.bonisa i-oxidation.
2Isiganeko sokuvelisa umlinganiselo wokubunjwa akugcini nje ukunciphisa kakhulu umgangatho wemveliso, umzekelo, xa umxholo we-chromium kwi-304 ityhubhu yensimbi engenasici akwanelanga, ayichaphazeli kuphela ukuxhathisa ukubola kunye nokubumba kwemveliso, kodwa kwakhona. inokuba namandla xa isetyenziswa kushishino lwemichiza, izixhobo zokusebenza kunye namashishini emveliso.Ngexesha elifanayo, likwachaphazela ukubonakala kunye neempawu ze-antioxidant zemveliso.
3, Izizathu zokwenziwa: Esi sesinye sezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo ze-oxidation yemveliso abanye abathengi abadibana nayo xa besebenzisa iimveliso zentsimbi.Abanye abathengi basebenza ngokungafanelekanga ekusetyenzisweni nasekugcinweni kwemveliso, ngakumbi ezinye iimveliso zemibhobho yensimbi engenasici esetyenziswa kushishino lwezixhobo zemichiza yokutya.Amathuba okuba ne-oxidation iphezulu.Kwi-oxidation eyenziwe ngumntu yeemveliso zensimbi, kuyimfuneko ukuba nolwazi oluchanekileyo lokusetyenziswa kwemveliso kunye nokugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa okusebenzayo kunye nokugcinwa, ukwenzela ukunciphisa i-oxidation ebangelwa ukusetyenziswa okungafanelekanga.
Insimbi engenasici ixhomekeke kwifilimu ye-oxide enqabileyo kakhulu, eqinile, efanelekileyo kwaye ezinzileyo yechromium (ifilimu ekhuselayo) eyenziwe phezu kwayo ukukhusela ukungena okuqhubekayo kunye ne-oxidation yee-athomu ze-oksijini ukufumana amandla okumelana nomhlwa.Kanye ngenxa yesizathu esithile, le filimu yonakaliswa ngokuqhubekayo, ii-athomu ze-oksijini emoyeni okanye ulwelo ziya kuqhubeka zingena okanye ii-athomu zentsimbi kwisinyithi ziya kuqhubeka zihlukana, zenze i-oxide yentsimbi ekhululekile, kwaye umphezulu wesinyithi uya kuhlaselwa ngokuqhubekayo.Zininzi iindlela zomonakalo kule filimu yomphezulu, ezona zixhaphakileyo kubomi bemihla ngemihla zezi zilandelayo:
1. Ngaphezulu kwensimbi engenasici, uthuli oluqulethe ezinye izinto zetsimbi okanye iziqhotyoshelwano ze-heterogeneous metal particles ziqokelela.Kumoya omanzi, amanzi adibeneyo phakathi kweziqhotyoshelo kunye nensimbi engenasici idibanisa ezimbini kwi-micro-battery, eyenza i-electrochemical reaction kwaye ikhusele insimbi engenasici.Ifilimu yonakele, ebizwa ngokuba yi-electrochemical corrosion.
2. Umphezulu wensimbi engenasici unamathela kwiijusi ze-organic (ezifana nemifuno, isobho se-noodle, njl.), Kwaye phambi kwamanzi kunye ne-oksijeni, i-asidi ephilayo yenziwa, kwaye i-acids ye-organic iya kutshabalalisa isinyithi ixesha elide.
3. Umphezulu wensimbi engenasici ubambelela kwi-acids, i-alkali kunye neetyuwa (ezifana namanzi e-alkali kunye namanzi ekalika atshiza kwiindonga zokuhombisa), ebangela ukubola kwendawo.
4. Kumoya ongcolileyo (ofana neatmosfera equlethe isixa esikhulu sesulfide, i<em>carbon oxide, initrogen oxide), xa idibana namanzi ajiyileyo, yenza amabala elulwelo e<em>sulfuric acid, i<em>nitric acid ne<em>acetic acid, nto leyo ebangela ukonakala kweekhemikhali.
Iimeko ezingentla zingabangela umonakalo kwifilimu ekhuselayo kwindawo yensimbi engenasici kwaye ibangele ukugqwala.Ke ngoko, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umphezulu wesinyithi uqaqambile ngokusisigxina kwaye awuvuthi, sicebisa:
1. Umphezulu weemveliso zensimbi ezingenasici kufuneka zihlambuluke kwaye zihlanjululwe rhoqo ukuze zisuse izinamathiselo kunye nokuphelisa izinto zangaphandle ezibangela ukuguqulwa;
2. gcina indawo engqongileyo yomile;
3. Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali zeminye imibhobho yensimbi engenasici kwimarike ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho yelizwe ehambelanayo kwaye ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zezinto eziphathekayo.Ngoko ke, kuya kubangela i-rust, efuna ukuba abasebenzisi bakhethe ngokucophelela iimveliso ezivela kubavelisi abahloniphekileyo.
Insimbi engenasici inamandla okuxhathisa i-oxidation ye-atmospheric-oko kukuthi, ukuxhathisa umhlwa, kwaye ikwazi ukubola kwimidiya equkethe i-acids, i-alkali, kunye neetyuwa-oko kukuthi, ukuxhathisa ukubola.Nangona kunjalo, ubungakanani bekhono layo lokuchasana ne-corrosion iyahluka kunye nokwakheka kweekhemikhali zentsimbi yayo ngokwayo, imeko yokudibanisa, iimeko zokusetyenziswa kunye nohlobo lweendaba zokusingqongileyo.Umzekelo, umbhobho wentsimbi engama-304 unamandla abalaseleyo okuchasa umhlwa kwindawo eyomileyo necocekileyo, kodwa ukuba ifuduselwe kwindawo engaselwandle, iya kuthi ikhuphe ngokukhawuleza kwinkungu yolwandle equlethe ityuwa eninzi, ngelixa umbhobho wentsimbi oyi-316 usebenza kakuhle. .Ngoko ke, akusiyo nayiphi na insimbi engenasici enokuthi ixhathise i-corrosion kunye ne-rust kuyo nayiphi na indawo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-17-2023